If you are good with variables, you can just have 1 rectangle asset with different variables.
If you don’t want to have rectangles, you can maybe change the colour with the coordinates of the character.
There are many solutions. Keep in mind that the colour changes immediately, not sure if there is a way to tween the background colour. If you use an image, or a tiled sprite as your background it would be easier to control the effects, I think.
Thanks very much for both of your suggestions, it worked really well with the rectangles and lerp! I’ve got the example working in my game, now just have to replicate it for each location.