Storing lots of data

How do I…

My game has a lot of data associated with it, such as items, abilities, attacks, creatures etc. How do I input and store this data. Other game engines have data assets or can query a txt file for the information.

What is the expected result

I want to be able to have my data stored in a central location so for example my item database, it would have sprite, cost to buy, cost to sell, type of item, description etc. Then at the shop I can just put in the name of the items I want at the shop and the game pulls the description and cost from the database. Same with a bestiary, or inventory etc.

What is the actual result

I havent set anything up yet, just trying to figure out the best way to do it first.